first chapters of the trixie guide done
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src/content/docs/ispmail-trixie/140-install-packages.md
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---
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title: Install software packages
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lastUpdated: 2025-08-14
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slug: ispmail-trixie/install-the-software-packages
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sidebar:
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order: 140
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---
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Let's install the necessary Debian packages. Run this command as root on your server as _root_:
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```sh
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DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive \
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apt -y install postfix-sqlite dovecot-sqlite \
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dovecot-imapd dovecot-lmtpd dovecot-managesieved \
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caddy php-fpm php-sqlite3 php-intl php-mbstring php-xml unzip \
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roundcube-sqlite3 roundcube swaks ufw mutt \
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crowdsec crowdsec-firewall-bouncer unattended-upgrades
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```
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While the server is downloading and installing the packages, let me give you a quick explanation:
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- postfix-sqlite \
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Postfix is the MTA (mail transport agent) that speaks SMTP to send and receive emails. This package allows Postfix to
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access SQLite databases.
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- dovecot \
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Dovecot manages the emsrc/content/docs/ispmail-trixie/140-install-packages.mdx emails using IMAP.
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- -lmtpd \
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LMTP (Local Mail Transfer Protocol) provides the glue between Postfix and Dovecot.
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- -managesieved \
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Lets you configure automatic processing rules on the server. Like out-of-office emails or filtering incoming emails
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to folders.
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- caddy \
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Web server with automatic HTTPS support via Let's Encrypt certificates. Needed for webmail.
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- php-fpm (and other php-\* packages) \
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PHP is the programming language that Roundcube (the webmail software) is written in. FPM (Fast Process Manager) is the
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glue between Caddy and PHP.
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- roundcube / roundcube-sqlite3 \
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Webmail software that lets you access your emails in any web browser. Roundcube speaks to Dovecot to fetch emails. And
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to Postfix to send emails.
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- swaks \
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The SWiss Army Knife of Smtp. Helpful command-line tool to send test emails to a mail server.
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- ufw \
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Universal FireWall. A simple tool to manage firewall rules to limit access to your server.
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- rspamd \
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It reliably detects spam. Also handles adding DKIM signature to outgoing email to prevent spoofing your domains.
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- mutt \
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A console-based program that can speak IMAP and also read Maildirs directly. Very helpful for testing the
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functionality of your mail server. Think of it as a text-based Thunderbird.
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- crowdsec \
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Detects attacks to your mail server and blocks the IP address of the attacker. This is a more sophisticated version of
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fail2ban.
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- unattended-upgrades \
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Installs security updates automatically.
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TODO: move crowdsec into optional chapter
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