pages on imap and data management done
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---
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---
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title: IMAP
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title: IMAP
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lastUpdated: 2025-09-14
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lastUpdated: 2025-09-14
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slug: ispmail-bookworm/imap
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slug: ispmail-trxie/imap
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sidebar:
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sidebar:
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order: 190
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order: 190
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---
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---
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@ -14,6 +14,8 @@ Email clients such as Thunderbird, Roundcube, mutt or the mail apps on your smar
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messages. The good news is that you don’t need to configure anything new on the server — it’s already set up. In fact,
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messages. The good news is that you don’t need to configure anything new on the server — it’s already set up. In fact,
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even Roundcube (your webmail application) communicates with the server via IMAP to access emails.
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even Roundcube (your webmail application) communicates with the server via IMAP to access emails.
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## mutt using IMAP
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You may not have heard of _mutt_ before. It's like the VIM editor but for mails. Very powerful but it only has a
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You may not have heard of _mutt_ before. It's like the VIM editor but for mails. Very powerful but it only has a
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text-based user interface. For testing IMAP on mail servers it's still a good way because you do not have to set up a
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text-based user interface. For testing IMAP on mail servers it's still a good way because you do not have to set up a
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complete account as in Thunderbird.
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complete account as in Thunderbird.
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@ -35,6 +37,8 @@ you used the correct server name. If the authentication has succeeded, you will
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These are test emails that you sent earlier using `swaks`. You open an email by pressing `Enter` and get back using `q`.
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These are test emails that you sent earlier using `swaks`. You open an email by pressing `Enter` and get back using `q`.
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Mainly we wanted to check that IMAP access works.
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Mainly we wanted to check that IMAP access works.
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## mutt using the file system
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Mutt can not only speak IMAP – it can access an inbox (or maildir) on your disk directly as well:
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Mutt can not only speak IMAP – it can access an inbox (or maildir) on your disk directly as well:
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```sh title="Run this on your server"
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```sh title="Run this on your server"
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@ -42,3 +46,9 @@ mutt -f /var/vmail/example.org/john/Maildir/
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```
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```
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That way you will not be forced to authenticate as you are working with the file system.
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That way you will not be forced to authenticate as you are working with the file system.
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## Thunderbird
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A typical account setup in Thunderbird looks like:
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@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
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---
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title: Managing users, aliases and domains
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lastUpdated: 2025-09-17
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slug: ispmail-trixie/managing-users-aliases-and-domains
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sidebar:
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order: 200
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---
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import { Tabs, TabItem } from "@astrojs/starlight/components";
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Maybe you already know what you have to do to create mail domains and mail users. After all I tried to explain the
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database schema in the section that dealt with preparing the database. But if that wasn’t clear enough let me explain
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what you need to do to manage your mail accounts.
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## Using SQL queries
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The following sections explain the changes and SQL queries you can use for common management tasks:
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### Create a new mail domain
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Insert a new row into the virtual_domains table and set the “name” to the name of the new domain. (Do not forget to set
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up SPF and DKIM.)
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```sql
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INSERT INTO virtual_domains (name) VALUES ("example.org");
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```
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### Delete a mail domain
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Delete the row from the virtual_domains table that has the right “name”. All aliases and users will automatically be
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deleted, too. However the mailboxes will stay on disk at /var/vmail/… and you need to delete them manually.
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```sql
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DELETE FROM virtual_domains where name='example.org';
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```
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### Create a mail user
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Find out the “id” of the right domain from the virtual_domains table. The insert a new row into the virtual_users table.
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Set the domain_id to the value you just looked up in the virtual_domains table. Set the “email” field to the complete
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email address of the new user. Create a new password in a shell using the “dovecot pw -s BLF-CRYPT” command and insert
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the result into the “password” field.
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```sql
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INSERT INTO virtual_users (domain_id, email, password) VALUES (SELECT id FROM virtual_domains WHERE name='example.org'), 'john@example.org','{BLF-CRYPT}$2y$05$.We…';
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```
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### Change the password of a user
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Find the row in the virtual_users table by looking for the right “email” field. Create a new password in a shell using
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the “dovecot pw -s BLF-CRYPT” command and insert the result into the “password” field.
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```sql
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UPDATE virtual_users SET password='{BLF-CRYPT}$2y$05$.We…' WHERE email='email@address';
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```
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### Delete a mail user
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Find the row in the virtual_users table by looking for the right “email” field and delete it. The mailbox will stay on
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disk at /var/vmail/… and you need to delete it manually
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```sql
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DELETE FROM virtual_users WHERE email='john@example.org';
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```
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### Create a mail forwarding
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You can forward emails from one (source) email to other addresses (destinations) – even outside of your mail
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server. Find out the “id” of the right domain (the part after the “@” of the source email address) from the
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virtual_domains table. Create a new row in the virtual_aliases table for each destination (if you have multiple
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destination addresses). Set the “source” field to the complete source email address. And set the “destination” field to
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the respective complete destination email address.
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```sql
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INSERT INTO virtual_aliases (domain_id, source, destination) VALUES ( (SELECT id FROM virtual_domains WHERE name='example.org'), 'melissa@example.org', 'juila@example.net');
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```
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### Delete a mail forwarding
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Find all rows in the virtual_aliases table by looking for the right “source” email address. Remove all rows that you
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lead to “destination” addresses you don’t want to forward email to.
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```sql
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DELETE FROM virtual_aliases WHERE source='melissa@example.org';
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```
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## Web interfaces
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If you don’t like using SQL queries to manage your mail server you may like to install a web-based management software.
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Several developers contributed web interfaces for earlier versions of this guide and they will probably still work
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because the database schema has not changed. Your experience with these projects, or links to further projects, is very
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welcome in the comments.
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### ISPmail Admin
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Homepage: [http://ima.jungclaussen.com/](http://ima.jungclaussen.com/)
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Demo: [http://ima.jungclaussen.com/demo/](http://ima.jungclaussen.com/demo/)
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### ispmail-userctl
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Christian G. has created a text-based program to help you manage your mail accounts. You may like it if you just want a
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little help adding accounts and setting passwords but not provide a full blown web interface.
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You can find his [Python script at Github](https://github.com/cgzones/ispmail-userctl).
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