Update dist for stage
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@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ The “sdb” tells you that your USB stick is available on /dev/sdb. Don’t ju
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<li>Select the USB stick.</li>
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<li>Make sure your laptop has its power supply plugged in. (It will refuse to update otherwise.)</li>
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<li>Follow the instructions.</li>
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</ol> </div> <footer> <footer class="sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <div class="meta sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <p>Last updated: <time datetime="2026-06-20T12:12:24.000Z">Jun 20, 2026</time></p> </div> <div class="pagination-links print:hidden astro-u2l5gyhi" dir="ltr"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/faq-frequently-asked-questions/" rel="prev" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17 11H9.41l3.3-3.29a1.004 1.004 0 1 0-1.42-1.42l-5 5a1 1 0 0 0-.21.33 1 1 0 0 0 0 .76 1 1 0 0 0 .21.33l5 5a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 1.639-.325 1 1 0 0 0-.219-1.095L9.41 13H17a1 1 0 0 0 0-2Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Previous <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">FAQ (frequently asked questions)</span> </span> </a> <a href="/bacula-cheatsheet/" rel="next" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17.92 11.62a1.001 1.001 0 0 0-.21-.33l-5-5a1.003 1.003 0 1 0-1.42 1.42l3.3 3.29H7a1 1 0 0 0 0 2h7.59l-3.3 3.29a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 .325 1.639 1 1 0 0 0 1.095-.219l5-5a1 1 0 0 0 .21-.33 1 1 0 0 0 0-.76Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Next <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Bareos/Bacula Cheat Sheet</span> </span> </a> </div> </footer> <script defer src="https://comentario.workaround.org/comentario.js"></script>
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</ol> </div> <footer> <footer class="sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <div class="meta sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <p>Last updated: <time datetime="2026-06-20T15:17:12.000Z">Jun 20, 2026</time></p> </div> <div class="pagination-links print:hidden astro-u2l5gyhi" dir="ltr"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/faq-frequently-asked-questions/" rel="prev" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17 11H9.41l3.3-3.29a1.004 1.004 0 1 0-1.42-1.42l-5 5a1 1 0 0 0-.21.33 1 1 0 0 0 0 .76 1 1 0 0 0 .21.33l5 5a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 1.639-.325 1 1 0 0 0-.219-1.095L9.41 13H17a1 1 0 0 0 0-2Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Previous <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">FAQ (frequently asked questions)</span> </span> </a> <a href="/bacula-cheatsheet/" rel="next" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17.92 11.62a1.001 1.001 0 0 0-.21-.33l-5-5a1.003 1.003 0 1 0-1.42 1.42l3.3 3.29H7a1 1 0 0 0 0 2h7.59l-3.3 3.29a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 .325 1.639 1 1 0 0 0 1.095-.219l5-5a1 1 0 0 0 .21-.33 1 1 0 0 0 0-.76Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Next <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Bareos/Bacula Cheat Sheet</span> </span> </a> </div> </footer> <script defer src="https://comentario.workaround.org/comentario.js"></script>
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<comentario-comments no-fonts="true" id="comments"></comentario-comments> <div class="myfooter">
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This guide is maintained by <a href="mailto:ispmail@christoph-haas.de">Christoph Haas</a> since 2003. All content on workaround.org can be used under the terms of
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the
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@ -167,7 +167,7 @@
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<ul>
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<li>Using a rare Full backup and rely on many intermediate Incremental backups. If any of the many Incremental backups were faulty you would lose all data back to that time.</li>
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<li>Losing the Full backup and only keeping Incremental backups. This may occur if the retention periods are not adequately configured for Full backups.</li>
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</ul> </div> <footer> <footer class="sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <div class="meta sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <p>Last updated: <time datetime="2026-06-20T12:12:24.000Z">Jun 20, 2026</time></p> </div> <div class="pagination-links print:hidden astro-u2l5gyhi" dir="ltr"> <a href="/article/updating-the-bios-on-lenovo-laptops-from-linux-using-a-usb-flash-stick/" rel="prev" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17 11H9.41l3.3-3.29a1.004 1.004 0 1 0-1.42-1.42l-5 5a1 1 0 0 0-.21.33 1 1 0 0 0 0 .76 1 1 0 0 0 .21.33l5 5a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 1.639-.325 1 1 0 0 0-.219-1.095L9.41 13H17a1 1 0 0 0 0-2Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Previous <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Updating the BIOS on Lenovo laptops from Linux using a USB flash stick</span> </span> </a> <a href="/debian-packages-are-so-old/" rel="next" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17.92 11.62a1.001 1.001 0 0 0-.21-.33l-5-5a1.003 1.003 0 1 0-1.42 1.42l3.3 3.29H7a1 1 0 0 0 0 2h7.59l-3.3 3.29a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 .325 1.639 1 1 0 0 0 1.095-.219l5-5a1 1 0 0 0 .21-.33 1 1 0 0 0 0-.76Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Next <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Debian packages are so old</span> </span> </a> </div> </footer> <script defer src="https://comentario.workaround.org/comentario.js"></script>
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</ul> </div> <footer> <footer class="sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <div class="meta sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <p>Last updated: <time datetime="2026-06-20T15:17:12.000Z">Jun 20, 2026</time></p> </div> <div class="pagination-links print:hidden astro-u2l5gyhi" dir="ltr"> <a href="/article/updating-the-bios-on-lenovo-laptops-from-linux-using-a-usb-flash-stick/" rel="prev" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17 11H9.41l3.3-3.29a1.004 1.004 0 1 0-1.42-1.42l-5 5a1 1 0 0 0-.21.33 1 1 0 0 0 0 .76 1 1 0 0 0 .21.33l5 5a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 1.639-.325 1 1 0 0 0-.219-1.095L9.41 13H17a1 1 0 0 0 0-2Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Previous <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Updating the BIOS on Lenovo laptops from Linux using a USB flash stick</span> </span> </a> <a href="/debian-packages-are-so-old/" rel="next" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17.92 11.62a1.001 1.001 0 0 0-.21-.33l-5-5a1.003 1.003 0 1 0-1.42 1.42l3.3 3.29H7a1 1 0 0 0 0 2h7.59l-3.3 3.29a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 .325 1.639 1 1 0 0 0 1.095-.219l5-5a1 1 0 0 0 .21-.33 1 1 0 0 0 0-.76Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Next <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Debian packages are so old</span> </span> </a> </div> </footer> <script defer src="https://comentario.workaround.org/comentario.js"></script>
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<comentario-comments no-fonts="true" id="comments"></comentario-comments> <div class="myfooter">
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This guide is maintained by <a href="mailto:ispmail@christoph-haas.de">Christoph Haas</a> since 2003. All content on workaround.org can be used under the terms of
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the
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@ -101,7 +101,7 @@
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<li>files of third-party software should go to /opt but quite often they are scattered in the wrong places</li>
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<li>expired APT keys because the developers didn’t care about expiry dates</li>
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</ul>
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<p>However not all is bad. Some third-party packages are very good. Your mileage may vary though.</p> </div> <footer> <footer class="sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <div class="meta sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <p>Last updated: <time datetime="2026-06-20T12:12:24.000Z">Jun 20, 2026</time></p> </div> <div class="pagination-links print:hidden astro-u2l5gyhi" dir="ltr"> <a href="/bacula-cheatsheet/" rel="prev" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17 11H9.41l3.3-3.29a1.004 1.004 0 1 0-1.42-1.42l-5 5a1 1 0 0 0-.21.33 1 1 0 0 0 0 .76 1 1 0 0 0 .21.33l5 5a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 1.639-.325 1 1 0 0 0-.219-1.095L9.41 13H17a1 1 0 0 0 0-2Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Previous <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Bareos/Bacula Cheat Sheet</span> </span> </a> <a href="/getting-help-on-irc/" rel="next" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17.92 11.62a1.001 1.001 0 0 0-.21-.33l-5-5a1.003 1.003 0 1 0-1.42 1.42l3.3 3.29H7a1 1 0 0 0 0 2h7.59l-3.3 3.29a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 .325 1.639 1 1 0 0 0 1.095-.219l5-5a1 1 0 0 0 .21-.33 1 1 0 0 0 0-.76Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Next <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Getting help on IRC</span> </span> </a> </div> </footer> <script defer src="https://comentario.workaround.org/comentario.js"></script>
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<p>However not all is bad. Some third-party packages are very good. Your mileage may vary though.</p> </div> <footer> <footer class="sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <div class="meta sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <p>Last updated: <time datetime="2026-06-20T15:17:12.000Z">Jun 20, 2026</time></p> </div> <div class="pagination-links print:hidden astro-u2l5gyhi" dir="ltr"> <a href="/bacula-cheatsheet/" rel="prev" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17 11H9.41l3.3-3.29a1.004 1.004 0 1 0-1.42-1.42l-5 5a1 1 0 0 0-.21.33 1 1 0 0 0 0 .76 1 1 0 0 0 .21.33l5 5a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 1.639-.325 1 1 0 0 0-.219-1.095L9.41 13H17a1 1 0 0 0 0-2Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Previous <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Bareos/Bacula Cheat Sheet</span> </span> </a> <a href="/getting-help-on-irc/" rel="next" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17.92 11.62a1.001 1.001 0 0 0-.21-.33l-5-5a1.003 1.003 0 1 0-1.42 1.42l3.3 3.29H7a1 1 0 0 0 0 2h7.59l-3.3 3.29a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 .325 1.639 1 1 0 0 0 1.095-.219l5-5a1 1 0 0 0 .21-.33 1 1 0 0 0 0-.76Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Next <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Getting help on IRC</span> </span> </a> </div> </footer> <script defer src="https://comentario.workaround.org/comentario.js"></script>
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<comentario-comments no-fonts="true" id="comments"></comentario-comments> <div class="myfooter">
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This guide is maintained by <a href="mailto:ispmail@christoph-haas.de">Christoph Haas</a> since 2003. All content on workaround.org can be used under the terms of
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the
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@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ Has it ever worked? What did you change? (I switched accounts to a new provider.
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<p>See also:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html</li>
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</ul> </div> <footer> <footer class="sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <div class="meta sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <p>Last updated: <time datetime="2026-06-20T12:12:24.000Z">Jun 20, 2026</time></p> </div> <div class="pagination-links print:hidden astro-u2l5gyhi" dir="ltr"> <a href="/debian-packages-are-so-old/" rel="prev" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17 11H9.41l3.3-3.29a1.004 1.004 0 1 0-1.42-1.42l-5 5a1 1 0 0 0-.21.33 1 1 0 0 0 0 .76 1 1 0 0 0 .21.33l5 5a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 1.639-.325 1 1 0 0 0-.219-1.095L9.41 13H17a1 1 0 0 0 0-2Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Previous <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Debian packages are so old</span> </span> </a> <a href="/linux/renaming-multiple-files/" rel="next" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17.92 11.62a1.001 1.001 0 0 0-.21-.33l-5-5a1.003 1.003 0 1 0-1.42 1.42l3.3 3.29H7a1 1 0 0 0 0 2h7.59l-3.3 3.29a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 .325 1.639 1 1 0 0 0 1.095-.219l5-5a1 1 0 0 0 .21-.33 1 1 0 0 0 0-.76Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Next <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Renaming multiple files</span> </span> </a> </div> </footer> <script defer src="https://comentario.workaround.org/comentario.js"></script>
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</ul> </div> <footer> <footer class="sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <div class="meta sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <p>Last updated: <time datetime="2026-06-20T15:17:12.000Z">Jun 20, 2026</time></p> </div> <div class="pagination-links print:hidden astro-u2l5gyhi" dir="ltr"> <a href="/debian-packages-are-so-old/" rel="prev" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17 11H9.41l3.3-3.29a1.004 1.004 0 1 0-1.42-1.42l-5 5a1 1 0 0 0-.21.33 1 1 0 0 0 0 .76 1 1 0 0 0 .21.33l5 5a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 1.639-.325 1 1 0 0 0-.219-1.095L9.41 13H17a1 1 0 0 0 0-2Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Previous <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Debian packages are so old</span> </span> </a> <a href="/linux/renaming-multiple-files/" rel="next" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17.92 11.62a1.001 1.001 0 0 0-.21-.33l-5-5a1.003 1.003 0 1 0-1.42 1.42l3.3 3.29H7a1 1 0 0 0 0 2h7.59l-3.3 3.29a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 .325 1.639 1 1 0 0 0 1.095-.219l5-5a1 1 0 0 0 .21-.33 1 1 0 0 0 0-.76Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Next <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Renaming multiple files</span> </span> </a> </div> </footer> <script defer src="https://comentario.workaround.org/comentario.js"></script>
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<comentario-comments no-fonts="true" id="comments"></comentario-comments> <div class="myfooter">
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This guide is maintained by <a href="mailto:ispmail@christoph-haas.de">Christoph Haas</a> since 2003. All content on workaround.org can be used under the terms of
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@ -76,7 +76,7 @@
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</section> <div class="content-panel astro-7nkwcw3z"> <div class="sl-container astro-7nkwcw3z"> <h1 id="_top" class="astro-j6tvhyss">Automatic installation with Ansible</h1> </div> </div> <div class="content-panel astro-7nkwcw3z"> <div class="sl-container astro-7nkwcw3z"> <div class="sl-markdown-content"> <p>If you want to set up multiple mail servers then automation is your friend. Nowadays <a href="https://docs.ansible.com/">Ansible</a> is commonly used for that purpose. If you are dealing with system administration you should have such a tool in your toolbox.</p>
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<p>I have created an <a href="https://github.com/Signum/ispmail-bookworm-ansible">Ansible playbook on Github</a> that you can download and use. Using it is pretty simple:</p>
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<div class="expressive-code"><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_astro/ec.v4551.css"><script type="module" src="/_astro/ec.0vx5m.js"></script><figure class="frame not-content"><figcaption class="header"></figcaption><pre data-language="plaintext"><code><div class="ec-line"><div class="code"><span style="--0:#d6deeb;--1:#403f53">apt install ansible git</span></div></div><div class="ec-line"><div class="code"><span style="--0:#d6deeb;--1:#403f53">git clone https://github.com/Signum/ispmail-bookworm-ansible.git</span></div></div><div class="ec-line"><div class="code"><span style="--0:#d6deeb;--1:#403f53">cd ispmail-bookworm-ansible/ansible</span></div></div><div class="ec-line"><div class="code"><span style="--0:#d6deeb;--1:#403f53">ansible-playbook ispmail.yml -c local</span></div></div></code></pre><div class="copy"><div aria-live="polite"></div><button title="Copy to clipboard" data-copied="Copied!" data-code="apt install ansible gitgit clone https://github.com/Signum/ispmail-bookworm-ansible.gitcd ispmail-bookworm-ansible/ansibleansible-playbook ispmail.yml -c local"><div></div></button></div></figure></div>
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<p>Please follow the hints in the README.md within the repository.</p> </div> <footer> <footer class="sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <div class="meta sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <p>Last updated: <time datetime="2026-06-20T12:12:24.000Z">Jun 20, 2026</time></p> </div> <div class="pagination-links print:hidden astro-u2l5gyhi" dir="ltr"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/monitoring-and-backup/" rel="prev" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17 11H9.41l3.3-3.29a1.004 1.004 0 1 0-1.42-1.42l-5 5a1 1 0 0 0-.21.33 1 1 0 0 0 0 .76 1 1 0 0 0 .21.33l5 5a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 1.639-.325 1 1 0 0 0-.219-1.095L9.41 13H17a1 1 0 0 0 0-2Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Previous <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Monitoring and Backup</span> </span> </a> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/success-stories/" rel="next" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17.92 11.62a1.001 1.001 0 0 0-.21-.33l-5-5a1.003 1.003 0 1 0-1.42 1.42l3.3 3.29H7a1 1 0 0 0 0 2h7.59l-3.3 3.29a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 .325 1.639 1 1 0 0 0 1.095-.219l5-5a1 1 0 0 0 .21-.33 1 1 0 0 0 0-.76Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Next <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Success stories</span> </span> </a> </div> </footer> <script defer src="https://comentario.workaround.org/comentario.js"></script>
|
||||
<p>Please follow the hints in the README.md within the repository.</p> </div> <footer> <footer class="sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <div class="meta sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <p>Last updated: <time datetime="2026-06-20T15:17:12.000Z">Jun 20, 2026</time></p> </div> <div class="pagination-links print:hidden astro-u2l5gyhi" dir="ltr"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/monitoring-and-backup/" rel="prev" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17 11H9.41l3.3-3.29a1.004 1.004 0 1 0-1.42-1.42l-5 5a1 1 0 0 0-.21.33 1 1 0 0 0 0 .76 1 1 0 0 0 .21.33l5 5a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 1.639-.325 1 1 0 0 0-.219-1.095L9.41 13H17a1 1 0 0 0 0-2Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Previous <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Monitoring and Backup</span> </span> </a> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/success-stories/" rel="next" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17.92 11.62a1.001 1.001 0 0 0-.21-.33l-5-5a1.003 1.003 0 1 0-1.42 1.42l3.3 3.29H7a1 1 0 0 0 0 2h7.59l-3.3 3.29a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 .325 1.639 1 1 0 0 0 1.095-.219l5-5a1 1 0 0 0 .21-.33 1 1 0 0 0 0-.76Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Next <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Success stories</span> </span> </a> </div> </footer> <script defer src="https://comentario.workaround.org/comentario.js"></script>
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<comentario-comments no-fonts="true" id="comments"></comentario-comments> <div class="myfooter">
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This guide is maintained by <a href="mailto:ispmail@christoph-haas.de">Christoph Haas</a> since 2003. All content on workaround.org can be used under the terms of
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the
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@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ Everything here has been generated using open-source software and is not using a
|
|||
interest quickly and regret your offer. The guide is huge. It may not appear like much but once you start typing you
|
||||
realize just how many months of work went into it. Even translating will take 1-2 weeks of your time. And after that
|
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someone would have to maintain both the original version and your translation. We tried that a couple of times and it
|
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did not turn out well.</p> </div> <footer> <footer class="sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <div class="meta sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <p>Last updated: <time datetime="2026-06-20T12:12:24.000Z">Jun 20, 2026</time></p> </div> <div class="pagination-links print:hidden astro-u2l5gyhi" dir="ltr"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/success-stories/" rel="prev" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17 11H9.41l3.3-3.29a1.004 1.004 0 1 0-1.42-1.42l-5 5a1 1 0 0 0-.21.33 1 1 0 0 0 0 .76 1 1 0 0 0 .21.33l5 5a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 1.639-.325 1 1 0 0 0-.219-1.095L9.41 13H17a1 1 0 0 0 0-2Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Previous <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Success stories</span> </span> </a> <a href="/article/updating-the-bios-on-lenovo-laptops-from-linux-using-a-usb-flash-stick/" rel="next" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17.92 11.62a1.001 1.001 0 0 0-.21-.33l-5-5a1.003 1.003 0 1 0-1.42 1.42l3.3 3.29H7a1 1 0 0 0 0 2h7.59l-3.3 3.29a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 .325 1.639 1 1 0 0 0 1.095-.219l5-5a1 1 0 0 0 .21-.33 1 1 0 0 0 0-.76Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Next <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Updating the BIOS on Lenovo laptops from Linux using a USB flash stick</span> </span> </a> </div> </footer> <script defer src="https://comentario.workaround.org/comentario.js"></script>
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did not turn out well.</p> </div> <footer> <footer class="sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <div class="meta sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <p>Last updated: <time datetime="2026-06-20T15:17:12.000Z">Jun 20, 2026</time></p> </div> <div class="pagination-links print:hidden astro-u2l5gyhi" dir="ltr"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/success-stories/" rel="prev" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17 11H9.41l3.3-3.29a1.004 1.004 0 1 0-1.42-1.42l-5 5a1 1 0 0 0-.21.33 1 1 0 0 0 0 .76 1 1 0 0 0 .21.33l5 5a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 1.639-.325 1 1 0 0 0-.219-1.095L9.41 13H17a1 1 0 0 0 0-2Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Previous <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Success stories</span> </span> </a> <a href="/article/updating-the-bios-on-lenovo-laptops-from-linux-using-a-usb-flash-stick/" rel="next" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17.92 11.62a1.001 1.001 0 0 0-.21-.33l-5-5a1.003 1.003 0 1 0-1.42 1.42l3.3 3.29H7a1 1 0 0 0 0 2h7.59l-3.3 3.29a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 .325 1.639 1 1 0 0 0 1.095-.219l5-5a1 1 0 0 0 .21-.33 1 1 0 0 0 0-.76Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Next <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Updating the BIOS on Lenovo laptops from Linux using a USB flash stick</span> </span> </a> </div> </footer> <script defer src="https://comentario.workaround.org/comentario.js"></script>
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<comentario-comments no-fonts="true" id="comments"></comentario-comments> <div class="myfooter">
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This guide is maintained by <a href="mailto:ispmail@christoph-haas.de">Christoph Haas</a> since 2003. All content on workaround.org can be used under the terms of
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the
|
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|
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|
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@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ Demo: <a href="http://ima.jungclaussen.com/demo/">http://ima.jungclaussen.com/de
|
|||
<p><img src="/_astro/managing-ima.CUdNEzFs_1QP22j.webp" alt="ISPmail Admin screenshot" loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="747" height="604"></p>
|
||||
<div class="sl-heading-wrapper level-h3"><h3 id="ispmail-userctl">ispmail-userctl</h3><a class="sl-anchor-link" href="#ispmail-userctl"><span aria-hidden="true" class="sl-anchor-icon"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="currentcolor" d="m12.11 15.39-3.88 3.88a2.52 2.52 0 0 1-3.5 0 2.47 2.47 0 0 1 0-3.5l3.88-3.88a1 1 0 0 0-1.42-1.42l-3.88 3.89a4.48 4.48 0 0 0 6.33 6.33l3.89-3.88a1 1 0 1 0-1.42-1.42Zm8.58-12.08a4.49 4.49 0 0 0-6.33 0l-3.89 3.88a1 1 0 0 0 1.42 1.42l3.88-3.88a2.52 2.52 0 0 1 3.5 0 2.47 2.47 0 0 1 0 3.5l-3.88 3.88a1 1 0 1 0 1.42 1.42l3.88-3.89a4.49 4.49 0 0 0 0-6.33ZM8.83 15.17a1 1 0 0 0 1.1.22 1 1 0 0 0 .32-.22l4.92-4.92a1 1 0 0 0-1.42-1.42l-4.92 4.92a1 1 0 0 0 0 1.42Z"></path></svg></span><span class="sr-only" data-pagefind-ignore>Section titled “ispmail-userctl”</span></a></div>
|
||||
<p>Christian G. has created a text-based program to help you manage your mail accounts. You may like it if you just want a little help adding accounts and setting passwords but not provide a full blown web interface.</p>
|
||||
<p>You can find his <a href="https://github.com/cgzones/ispmail-userctl">Python script at Github</a>.</p> </div> <footer> <footer class="sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <div class="meta sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <p>Last updated: <time datetime="2026-06-20T12:12:24.000Z">Jun 20, 2026</time></p> </div> <div class="pagination-links print:hidden astro-u2l5gyhi" dir="ltr"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/prevent-spoofing-using-dkim/" rel="prev" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17 11H9.41l3.3-3.29a1.004 1.004 0 1 0-1.42-1.42l-5 5a1 1 0 0 0-.21.33 1 1 0 0 0 0 .76 1 1 0 0 0 .21.33l5 5a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 1.639-.325 1 1 0 0 0-.219-1.095L9.41 13H17a1 1 0 0 0 0-2Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Previous <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Prevent spoofing using DKIM</span> </span> </a> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/monitoring-and-backup/" rel="next" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17.92 11.62a1.001 1.001 0 0 0-.21-.33l-5-5a1.003 1.003 0 1 0-1.42 1.42l3.3 3.29H7a1 1 0 0 0 0 2h7.59l-3.3 3.29a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 .325 1.639 1 1 0 0 0 1.095-.219l5-5a1 1 0 0 0 .21-.33 1 1 0 0 0 0-.76Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Next <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Monitoring and Backup</span> </span> </a> </div> </footer> <script defer src="https://comentario.workaround.org/comentario.js"></script>
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||||
<p>You can find his <a href="https://github.com/cgzones/ispmail-userctl">Python script at Github</a>.</p> </div> <footer> <footer class="sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <div class="meta sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <p>Last updated: <time datetime="2026-06-20T15:17:12.000Z">Jun 20, 2026</time></p> </div> <div class="pagination-links print:hidden astro-u2l5gyhi" dir="ltr"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/prevent-spoofing-using-dkim/" rel="prev" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17 11H9.41l3.3-3.29a1.004 1.004 0 1 0-1.42-1.42l-5 5a1 1 0 0 0-.21.33 1 1 0 0 0 0 .76 1 1 0 0 0 .21.33l5 5a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 1.639-.325 1 1 0 0 0-.219-1.095L9.41 13H17a1 1 0 0 0 0-2Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Previous <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Prevent spoofing using DKIM</span> </span> </a> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/monitoring-and-backup/" rel="next" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17.92 11.62a1.001 1.001 0 0 0-.21-.33l-5-5a1.003 1.003 0 1 0-1.42 1.42l3.3 3.29H7a1 1 0 0 0 0 2h7.59l-3.3 3.29a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 .325 1.639 1 1 0 0 0 1.095-.219l5-5a1 1 0 0 0 .21-.33 1 1 0 0 0 0-.76Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Next <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Monitoring and Backup</span> </span> </a> </div> </footer> <script defer src="https://comentario.workaround.org/comentario.js"></script>
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<comentario-comments no-fonts="true" id="comments"></comentario-comments> <div class="myfooter">
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This guide is maintained by <a href="mailto:ispmail@christoph-haas.de">Christoph Haas</a> since 2003. All content on workaround.org can be used under the terms of
|
||||
the
|
||||
|
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|
|||
|
|
@ -112,7 +112,7 @@
|
|||
<p>…daily to get a proper database backup that can be restored later.</p>
|
||||
<p>I also like to backup the output of these files because they help me figure out the specific layout of a server:</p>
|
||||
<div class="expressive-code"><figure class="frame not-content"><figcaption class="header"></figcaption><pre data-language="plaintext"><code><div class="ec-line"><div class="code"><span style="--0:#d6deeb;--1:#403f53">fdisk -l</span></div></div><div class="ec-line"><div class="code"><span style="--0:#d6deeb;--1:#403f53">lshw</span></div></div><div class="ec-line"><div class="code"><span style="--0:#d6deeb;--1:#403f53">lsb_release -a</span></div></div><div class="ec-line"><div class="code"><span style="--0:#d6deeb;--1:#403f53">dpkg --get-selections</span></div></div></code></pre><div class="copy"><div aria-live="polite"></div><button title="Copy to clipboard" data-copied="Copied!" data-code="fdisk -llshwlsb_release -adpkg --get-selections"><div></div></button></div></figure></div>
|
||||
<p>If one of your users just accidentally deleted an email and wants it back then simply get the files from /var/vmail/domain/user/Maildir/… from the backup and put them into the original location. Dovecot will handle everything else. You don’t need to restart anything.</p> </div> <footer> <footer class="sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <div class="meta sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <p>Last updated: <time datetime="2026-06-20T12:12:24.000Z">Jun 20, 2026</time></p> </div> <div class="pagination-links print:hidden astro-u2l5gyhi" dir="ltr"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/managing-users-aliases-and-domains/" rel="prev" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17 11H9.41l3.3-3.29a1.004 1.004 0 1 0-1.42-1.42l-5 5a1 1 0 0 0-.21.33 1 1 0 0 0 0 .76 1 1 0 0 0 .21.33l5 5a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 1.639-.325 1 1 0 0 0-.219-1.095L9.41 13H17a1 1 0 0 0 0-2Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Previous <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Managing users, aliases and domains</span> </span> </a> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/automatic-installation-with-ansible/" rel="next" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17.92 11.62a1.001 1.001 0 0 0-.21-.33l-5-5a1.003 1.003 0 1 0-1.42 1.42l3.3 3.29H7a1 1 0 0 0 0 2h7.59l-3.3 3.29a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 .325 1.639 1 1 0 0 0 1.095-.219l5-5a1 1 0 0 0 .21-.33 1 1 0 0 0 0-.76Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Next <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Automatic installation with Ansible</span> </span> </a> </div> </footer> <script defer src="https://comentario.workaround.org/comentario.js"></script>
|
||||
<p>If one of your users just accidentally deleted an email and wants it back then simply get the files from /var/vmail/domain/user/Maildir/… from the backup and put them into the original location. Dovecot will handle everything else. You don’t need to restart anything.</p> </div> <footer> <footer class="sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <div class="meta sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <p>Last updated: <time datetime="2026-06-20T15:17:12.000Z">Jun 20, 2026</time></p> </div> <div class="pagination-links print:hidden astro-u2l5gyhi" dir="ltr"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/managing-users-aliases-and-domains/" rel="prev" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17 11H9.41l3.3-3.29a1.004 1.004 0 1 0-1.42-1.42l-5 5a1 1 0 0 0-.21.33 1 1 0 0 0 0 .76 1 1 0 0 0 .21.33l5 5a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 1.639-.325 1 1 0 0 0-.219-1.095L9.41 13H17a1 1 0 0 0 0-2Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Previous <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Managing users, aliases and domains</span> </span> </a> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/automatic-installation-with-ansible/" rel="next" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17.92 11.62a1.001 1.001 0 0 0-.21-.33l-5-5a1.003 1.003 0 1 0-1.42 1.42l3.3 3.29H7a1 1 0 0 0 0 2h7.59l-3.3 3.29a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 .325 1.639 1 1 0 0 0 1.095-.219l5-5a1 1 0 0 0 .21-.33 1 1 0 0 0 0-.76Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Next <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Automatic installation with Ansible</span> </span> </a> </div> </footer> <script defer src="https://comentario.workaround.org/comentario.js"></script>
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<comentario-comments no-fonts="true" id="comments"></comentario-comments> <div class="myfooter">
|
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This guide is maintained by <a href="mailto:ispmail@christoph-haas.de">Christoph Haas</a> since 2003. All content on workaround.org can be used under the terms of
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the
|
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|
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@ -73,7 +73,7 @@
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StarlightThemeProvider.updatePickers();
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</script> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="main-frame astro-vrdttmbt"> <script type="module">const a=document.getElementById("starlight__sidebar"),n=a?.querySelector("sl-sidebar-state-persist"),o="sl-sidebar-state",i=()=>{let t=[];const e=n?.dataset.hash||"";try{const s=sessionStorage.getItem(o),r=JSON.parse(s||"{}");Array.isArray(r.open)&&r.hash===e&&(t=r.open)}catch{}return{hash:e,open:t,scroll:a?.scrollTop||0}},c=t=>{try{sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch{}},d=()=>c(i()),l=(t,e)=>{const s=i();s.open[e]=t,c(s)};n?.addEventListener("click",t=>{if(!(t.target instanceof Element))return;const e=t.target.closest("summary")?.closest("details");if(!e)return;const s=e.querySelector("sl-sidebar-restore"),r=parseInt(s?.dataset.index||"");isNaN(r)||l(!e.open,r)});addEventListener("visibilitychange",()=>{document.visibilityState==="hidden"&&d()});addEventListener("pageHide",d);</script> <div class="lg:sl-flex astro-67yu43on"> <aside class="right-sidebar-container print:hidden astro-67yu43on"> <div class="right-sidebar astro-67yu43on"> <div class="lg:sl-hidden astro-pb3aqygn"><mobile-starlight-toc data-min-h="2" data-max-h="3" class="astro-doynk5tl"><nav aria-labelledby="starlight__on-this-page--mobile" class="astro-doynk5tl"><details id="starlight__mobile-toc" class="astro-doynk5tl"><summary id="starlight__on-this-page--mobile" class="sl-flex astro-doynk5tl"><span class="toggle sl-flex astro-doynk5tl">On this page<svg aria-hidden="true" class="caret astro-doynk5tl astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1rem;"><path d="m14.83 11.29-4.24-4.24a1 1 0 1 0-1.42 1.41L12.71 12l-3.54 3.54a1 1 0 0 0 0 1.41 1 1 0 0 0 .71.29 1 1 0 0 0 .71-.29l4.24-4.24a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 0-1.42Z"/></svg></span><span class="display-current astro-doynk5tl"></span></summary><div class="dropdown astro-doynk5tl"><ul class="isMobile astro-gnoq344e" style="--depth: 0;"> <li class="astro-gnoq344e" style="--depth: 0;"> <a href="#_top" class="astro-gnoq344e" style="--depth: 0;"> <span class="astro-gnoq344e" style="--depth: 0;">Overview</span> </a> </li> </ul></div></details></nav></mobile-starlight-toc><script type="module" src="/_astro/MobileTableOfContents.astro_astro_type_script_index_0_lang.hwBsy0Mo.js"></script></div><div class="right-sidebar-panel sl-hidden lg:sl-block astro-pb3aqygn"><div class="sl-container astro-pb3aqygn"><starlight-toc data-min-h="2" data-max-h="3"><nav aria-labelledby="starlight__on-this-page"><h2 id="starlight__on-this-page">On this page</h2><ul class="astro-gnoq344e" style="--depth: 0;"> <li class="astro-gnoq344e" style="--depth: 0;"> <a href="#_top" class="astro-gnoq344e" style="--depth: 0;"> <span class="astro-gnoq344e" style="--depth: 0;">Overview</span> </a> </li> </ul></nav></starlight-toc><script type="module" src="/_astro/TableOfContents.astro_astro_type_script_index_0_lang.FuRcXuRY.js"></script></div></div> </div> </aside> <div class="main-pane astro-67yu43on"> <main data-pagefind-body class="astro-bguv2lll" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <section style="background-color: #ffefef; padding: 1rem; border: 1px solid #f00; text-align: center;" class="astro-kggsjsm4">
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⚠️ This page is part of the ISPmail guide for Debian Bookworm. Please use the newer guide for <a href="/ispmail-trixie/" class="astro-kggsjsm4">Debian Trixie</a>.
|
||||
</section> <div class="content-panel astro-7nkwcw3z"> <div class="sl-container astro-7nkwcw3z"> <h1 id="_top" class="astro-j6tvhyss">Success stories</h1> </div> </div> <div class="content-panel astro-7nkwcw3z"> <div class="sl-container astro-7nkwcw3z"> <div class="sl-markdown-content"> <p>I would appreciate if you leave a comment here telling others if your mail server is running. Perhaps even a word about the purpose of the mail server and the number of users you have. That allows others to see that their time is well-spent and indeed leads to a working mail server. Thanks for your feedback.</p> </div> <footer> <footer class="sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <div class="meta sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <p>Last updated: <time datetime="2026-06-20T12:12:24.000Z">Jun 20, 2026</time></p> </div> <div class="pagination-links print:hidden astro-u2l5gyhi" dir="ltr"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/automatic-installation-with-ansible/" rel="prev" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17 11H9.41l3.3-3.29a1.004 1.004 0 1 0-1.42-1.42l-5 5a1 1 0 0 0-.21.33 1 1 0 0 0 0 .76 1 1 0 0 0 .21.33l5 5a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 1.639-.325 1 1 0 0 0-.219-1.095L9.41 13H17a1 1 0 0 0 0-2Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Previous <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Automatic installation with Ansible</span> </span> </a> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/faq-frequently-asked-questions/" rel="next" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17.92 11.62a1.001 1.001 0 0 0-.21-.33l-5-5a1.003 1.003 0 1 0-1.42 1.42l3.3 3.29H7a1 1 0 0 0 0 2h7.59l-3.3 3.29a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 .325 1.639 1 1 0 0 0 1.095-.219l5-5a1 1 0 0 0 .21-.33 1 1 0 0 0 0-.76Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Next <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">FAQ (frequently asked questions)</span> </span> </a> </div> </footer> <script defer src="https://comentario.workaround.org/comentario.js"></script>
|
||||
</section> <div class="content-panel astro-7nkwcw3z"> <div class="sl-container astro-7nkwcw3z"> <h1 id="_top" class="astro-j6tvhyss">Success stories</h1> </div> </div> <div class="content-panel astro-7nkwcw3z"> <div class="sl-container astro-7nkwcw3z"> <div class="sl-markdown-content"> <p>I would appreciate if you leave a comment here telling others if your mail server is running. Perhaps even a word about the purpose of the mail server and the number of users you have. That allows others to see that their time is well-spent and indeed leads to a working mail server. Thanks for your feedback.</p> </div> <footer> <footer class="sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <div class="meta sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <p>Last updated: <time datetime="2026-06-20T15:17:12.000Z">Jun 20, 2026</time></p> </div> <div class="pagination-links print:hidden astro-u2l5gyhi" dir="ltr"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/automatic-installation-with-ansible/" rel="prev" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17 11H9.41l3.3-3.29a1.004 1.004 0 1 0-1.42-1.42l-5 5a1 1 0 0 0-.21.33 1 1 0 0 0 0 .76 1 1 0 0 0 .21.33l5 5a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 1.639-.325 1 1 0 0 0-.219-1.095L9.41 13H17a1 1 0 0 0 0-2Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Previous <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Automatic installation with Ansible</span> </span> </a> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/faq-frequently-asked-questions/" rel="next" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17.92 11.62a1.001 1.001 0 0 0-.21-.33l-5-5a1.003 1.003 0 1 0-1.42 1.42l3.3 3.29H7a1 1 0 0 0 0 2h7.59l-3.3 3.29a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 .325 1.639 1 1 0 0 0 1.095-.219l5-5a1 1 0 0 0 .21-.33 1 1 0 0 0 0-.76Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Next <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">FAQ (frequently asked questions)</span> </span> </a> </div> </footer> <script defer src="https://comentario.workaround.org/comentario.js"></script>
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<comentario-comments no-fonts="true" id="comments"></comentario-comments> <div class="myfooter">
|
||||
This guide is maintained by <a href="mailto:ispmail@christoph-haas.de">Christoph Haas</a> since 2003. All content on workaround.org can be used under the terms of
|
||||
the
|
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|
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@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
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it helps to get a better understanding of the steps involved in receiving email. We will prepare the necessary
|
||||
configuration in the next chapters.</p>
|
||||
<p>Use the arrows to navigate between slides:</p>
|
||||
<astro-splide data-splideid="astro-splide-ralbk2lnc" data-options="{}"> <div id="astro-splide-ralbk2lnc" class="splide"><div class="splide__track"> <ul class="splide__list"> <li class="splide__slide" key="1"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/01.svg" alt="Slide 1"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="2"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/02.svg" alt="Slide 2"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="3"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/03.svg" alt="Slide 3"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="4"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/04.svg" alt="Slide 4"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="5"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/05.svg" alt="Slide 5"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="6"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/06.svg" alt="Slide 6"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="7"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/07.svg" alt="Slide 7"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="8"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/08.svg" alt="Slide 8"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="9"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/09.svg" alt="Slide 9"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="10"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/10.svg" alt="Slide 10"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="11"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/11.svg" alt="Slide 11"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="12"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/12.svg" alt="Slide 12"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="13"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/13.svg" alt="Slide 13"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="14"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/14.svg" alt="Slide 14"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="15"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/15.svg" alt="Slide 15"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="16"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/16.svg" alt="Slide 16"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="17"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/17.svg" alt="Slide 17"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="18"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/18.svg" alt="Slide 18"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="19"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/19.svg" alt="Slide 19"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="20"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/20.svg" alt="Slide 20"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="21"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/21.svg" alt="Slide 21"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="22"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/22.svg" alt="Slide 22"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="23"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/23.svg" alt="Slide 23"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="24"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/24.svg" alt="Slide 24"/> </li> </ul> </div></div> </astro-splide> <script type="module" src="/_astro/Splide.astro_astro_type_script_index_0_lang.CL6y7yGH.js"></script> </div> <footer> <footer class="sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <div class="meta sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <p>Last updated: <time datetime="2025-11-01T00:00:00.000Z">Nov 1, 2025</time></p> </div> <div class="pagination-links print:hidden astro-u2l5gyhi" dir="ltr"> <a href="/ispmail-trixie/database/" rel="prev" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17 11H9.41l3.3-3.29a1.004 1.004 0 1 0-1.42-1.42l-5 5a1 1 0 0 0-.21.33 1 1 0 0 0 0 .76 1 1 0 0 0 .21.33l5 5a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 1.639-.325 1 1 0 0 0-.219-1.095L9.41 13H17a1 1 0 0 0 0-2Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Previous <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Database setup</span> </span> </a> <a href="/ispmail-trixie/dns-records/" rel="next" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17.92 11.62a1.001 1.001 0 0 0-.21-.33l-5-5a1.003 1.003 0 1 0-1.42 1.42l3.3 3.29H7a1 1 0 0 0 0 2h7.59l-3.3 3.29a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 .325 1.639 1 1 0 0 0 1.095-.219l5-5a1 1 0 0 0 .21-.33 1 1 0 0 0 0-.76Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Next <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">DNS records</span> </span> </a> </div> </footer> <script defer src="https://comentario.workaround.org/comentario.js"></script>
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<astro-splide data-splideid="astro-splide-elq7o09ab" data-options="{}"> <div id="astro-splide-elq7o09ab" class="splide"><div class="splide__track"> <ul class="splide__list"> <li class="splide__slide" key="1"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/01.svg" alt="Slide 1"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="2"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/02.svg" alt="Slide 2"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="3"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/03.svg" alt="Slide 3"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="4"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/04.svg" alt="Slide 4"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="5"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/05.svg" alt="Slide 5"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="6"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/06.svg" alt="Slide 6"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="7"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/07.svg" alt="Slide 7"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="8"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/08.svg" alt="Slide 8"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="9"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/09.svg" alt="Slide 9"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="10"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/10.svg" alt="Slide 10"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="11"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/11.svg" alt="Slide 11"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="12"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/12.svg" alt="Slide 12"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="13"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/13.svg" alt="Slide 13"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="14"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/14.svg" alt="Slide 14"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="15"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/15.svg" alt="Slide 15"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="16"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/16.svg" alt="Slide 16"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="17"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/17.svg" alt="Slide 17"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="18"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/18.svg" alt="Slide 18"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="19"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/19.svg" alt="Slide 19"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="20"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/20.svg" alt="Slide 20"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="21"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/21.svg" alt="Slide 21"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="22"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/22.svg" alt="Slide 22"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="23"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/23.svg" alt="Slide 23"/> </li><li class="splide__slide" key="24"> <img src="/big-picture-receive/24.svg" alt="Slide 24"/> </li> </ul> </div></div> </astro-splide> <script type="module" src="/_astro/Splide.astro_astro_type_script_index_0_lang.CL6y7yGH.js"></script> </div> <footer> <footer class="sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <div class="meta sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <p>Last updated: <time datetime="2025-11-01T00:00:00.000Z">Nov 1, 2025</time></p> </div> <div class="pagination-links print:hidden astro-u2l5gyhi" dir="ltr"> <a href="/ispmail-trixie/database/" rel="prev" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17 11H9.41l3.3-3.29a1.004 1.004 0 1 0-1.42-1.42l-5 5a1 1 0 0 0-.21.33 1 1 0 0 0 0 .76 1 1 0 0 0 .21.33l5 5a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 1.639-.325 1 1 0 0 0-.219-1.095L9.41 13H17a1 1 0 0 0 0-2Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Previous <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Database setup</span> </span> </a> <a href="/ispmail-trixie/dns-records/" rel="next" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17.92 11.62a1.001 1.001 0 0 0-.21-.33l-5-5a1.003 1.003 0 1 0-1.42 1.42l3.3 3.29H7a1 1 0 0 0 0 2h7.59l-3.3 3.29a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 .325 1.639 1 1 0 0 0 1.095-.219l5-5a1 1 0 0 0 .21-.33 1 1 0 0 0 0-.76Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Next <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">DNS records</span> </span> </a> </div> </footer> <script defer src="https://comentario.workaround.org/comentario.js"></script>
|
||||
<comentario-comments no-fonts="true" id="comments"></comentario-comments> <div class="myfooter">
|
||||
This guide is maintained by <a href="mailto:ispmail@christoph-haas.de">Christoph Haas</a> since 2003. All content on workaround.org can be used under the terms of
|
||||
the
|
||||
|
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|
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@ -80,7 +80,7 @@
|
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<div class="expressive-code"><figure class="frame not-content"><figcaption class="header"></figcaption><pre data-language="plaintext"><code><div class="ec-line"><div class="code"><span style="--0:#d6deeb;--1:#403f53">rename 'tr/a-zA-Z//s' *</span></div></div></code></pre><div class="copy"><div aria-live="polite"></div><button title="Copy to clipboard" data-copied="Copied!" data-code="rename 'tr/a-zA-Z//s' *"><div></div></button></div></figure></div>
|
||||
<p>Or you have many JPEG files that look like “img0000154.jpg” but you want the first five zeros removed as you don’t need them:</p>
|
||||
<div class="expressive-code"><figure class="frame not-content"><figcaption class="header"></figcaption><pre data-language="plaintext"><code><div class="ec-line"><div class="code"><span style="--0:#d6deeb;--1:#403f53">rename 's/img00000/img/' *.jpg</span></div></div></code></pre><div class="copy"><div aria-live="polite"></div><button title="Copy to clipboard" data-copied="Copied!" data-code="rename 's/img00000/img/' *.jpg"><div></div></button></div></figure></div>
|
||||
<p>In fact you can use any Perl operator as an argument. The actual documentation for the ‘s’ and ‘y’/’tr’ operators are found in the ‘perlop’ manpage.</p> </div> <footer> <footer class="sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <div class="meta sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <p>Last updated: <time datetime="2026-06-20T12:12:24.000Z">Jun 20, 2026</time></p> </div> <div class="pagination-links print:hidden astro-u2l5gyhi" dir="ltr"> <a href="/getting-help-on-irc/" rel="prev" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17 11H9.41l3.3-3.29a1.004 1.004 0 1 0-1.42-1.42l-5 5a1 1 0 0 0-.21.33 1 1 0 0 0 0 .76 1 1 0 0 0 .21.33l5 5a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 1.639-.325 1 1 0 0 0-.219-1.095L9.41 13H17a1 1 0 0 0 0-2Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Previous <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Getting help on IRC</span> </span> </a> <a href="/linuxtip/pipes/" rel="next" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17.92 11.62a1.001 1.001 0 0 0-.21-.33l-5-5a1.003 1.003 0 1 0-1.42 1.42l3.3 3.29H7a1 1 0 0 0 0 2h7.59l-3.3 3.29a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 .325 1.639 1 1 0 0 0 1.095-.219l5-5a1 1 0 0 0 .21-.33 1 1 0 0 0 0-.76Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Next <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Pipes and redirection</span> </span> </a> </div> </footer> <script defer src="https://comentario.workaround.org/comentario.js"></script>
|
||||
<p>In fact you can use any Perl operator as an argument. The actual documentation for the ‘s’ and ‘y’/’tr’ operators are found in the ‘perlop’ manpage.</p> </div> <footer> <footer class="sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <div class="meta sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <p>Last updated: <time datetime="2026-06-20T15:17:12.000Z">Jun 20, 2026</time></p> </div> <div class="pagination-links print:hidden astro-u2l5gyhi" dir="ltr"> <a href="/getting-help-on-irc/" rel="prev" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17 11H9.41l3.3-3.29a1.004 1.004 0 1 0-1.42-1.42l-5 5a1 1 0 0 0-.21.33 1 1 0 0 0 0 .76 1 1 0 0 0 .21.33l5 5a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 1.639-.325 1 1 0 0 0-.219-1.095L9.41 13H17a1 1 0 0 0 0-2Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Previous <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Getting help on IRC</span> </span> </a> <a href="/linuxtip/pipes/" rel="next" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17.92 11.62a1.001 1.001 0 0 0-.21-.33l-5-5a1.003 1.003 0 1 0-1.42 1.42l3.3 3.29H7a1 1 0 0 0 0 2h7.59l-3.3 3.29a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 .325 1.639 1 1 0 0 0 1.095-.219l5-5a1 1 0 0 0 .21-.33 1 1 0 0 0 0-.76Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Next <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Pipes and redirection</span> </span> </a> </div> </footer> <script defer src="https://comentario.workaround.org/comentario.js"></script>
|
||||
<comentario-comments no-fonts="true" id="comments"></comentario-comments> <div class="myfooter">
|
||||
This guide is maintained by <a href="mailto:ispmail@christoph-haas.de">Christoph Haas</a> since 2003. All content on workaround.org can be used under the terms of
|
||||
the
|
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@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ Useful at the end of a pipe. Allows you to browse through the output one page at
|
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Shows the first ten lines only. “head -50” shows the first 50 lines.</li>
|
||||
<li>tail<br>
|
||||
Shows the last ten lines only. “tail -50” shows the last 50 lines. “tail -f” follows a certain file.</li>
|
||||
</ul> </div> <footer> <footer class="sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <div class="meta sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <p>Last updated: <time datetime="2026-06-20T12:12:24.000Z">Jun 20, 2026</time></p> </div> <div class="pagination-links print:hidden astro-u2l5gyhi" dir="ltr"> <a href="/linux/renaming-multiple-files/" rel="prev" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17 11H9.41l3.3-3.29a1.004 1.004 0 1 0-1.42-1.42l-5 5a1 1 0 0 0-.21.33 1 1 0 0 0 0 .76 1 1 0 0 0 .21.33l5 5a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 1.639-.325 1 1 0 0 0-.219-1.095L9.41 13H17a1 1 0 0 0 0-2Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Previous <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Renaming multiple files</span> </span> </a> <a href="/rsnapshot-and-usb-drives/" rel="next" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17.92 11.62a1.001 1.001 0 0 0-.21-.33l-5-5a1.003 1.003 0 1 0-1.42 1.42l3.3 3.29H7a1 1 0 0 0 0 2h7.59l-3.3 3.29a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 .325 1.639 1 1 0 0 0 1.095-.219l5-5a1 1 0 0 0 .21-.33 1 1 0 0 0 0-.76Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Next <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Backups with rsnaphot to external USB drives</span> </span> </a> </div> </footer> <script defer src="https://comentario.workaround.org/comentario.js"></script>
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</ul> </div> <footer> <footer class="sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <div class="meta sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <p>Last updated: <time datetime="2026-06-20T15:17:12.000Z">Jun 20, 2026</time></p> </div> <div class="pagination-links print:hidden astro-u2l5gyhi" dir="ltr"> <a href="/linux/renaming-multiple-files/" rel="prev" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17 11H9.41l3.3-3.29a1.004 1.004 0 1 0-1.42-1.42l-5 5a1 1 0 0 0-.21.33 1 1 0 0 0 0 .76 1 1 0 0 0 .21.33l5 5a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 1.639-.325 1 1 0 0 0-.219-1.095L9.41 13H17a1 1 0 0 0 0-2Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Previous <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Renaming multiple files</span> </span> </a> <a href="/rsnapshot-and-usb-drives/" rel="next" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17.92 11.62a1.001 1.001 0 0 0-.21-.33l-5-5a1.003 1.003 0 1 0-1.42 1.42l3.3 3.29H7a1 1 0 0 0 0 2h7.59l-3.3 3.29a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 .325 1.639 1 1 0 0 0 1.095-.219l5-5a1 1 0 0 0 .21-.33 1 1 0 0 0 0-.76Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Next <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Backups with rsnaphot to external USB drives</span> </span> </a> </div> </footer> <script defer src="https://comentario.workaround.org/comentario.js"></script>
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This guide is maintained by <a href="mailto:ispmail@christoph-haas.de">Christoph Haas</a> since 2003. All content on workaround.org can be used under the terms of
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{"version":"1.5.2","languages":{"en":{"hash":"en_2e797d54fd","wasm":"en","page_count":59}},"include_characters":["_","‿","⁀","⁔","︳","︴","﹍","﹎","﹏","_"]}
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<div class="sl-heading-wrapper level-h2"><h2 id="further-reading">Further reading</h2><a class="sl-anchor-link" href="#further-reading"><span aria-hidden="true" class="sl-anchor-icon"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="currentcolor" d="m12.11 15.39-3.88 3.88a2.52 2.52 0 0 1-3.5 0 2.47 2.47 0 0 1 0-3.5l3.88-3.88a1 1 0 0 0-1.42-1.42l-3.88 3.89a4.48 4.48 0 0 0 6.33 6.33l3.89-3.88a1 1 0 1 0-1.42-1.42Zm8.58-12.08a4.49 4.49 0 0 0-6.33 0l-3.89 3.88a1 1 0 0 0 1.42 1.42l3.88-3.88a2.52 2.52 0 0 1 3.5 0 2.47 2.47 0 0 1 0 3.5l-3.88 3.88a1 1 0 1 0 1.42 1.42l3.88-3.89a4.49 4.49 0 0 0 0-6.33ZM8.83 15.17a1 1 0 0 0 1.1.22 1 1 0 0 0 .32-.22l4.92-4.92a1 1 0 0 0-1.42-1.42l-4.92 4.92a1 1 0 0 0 0 1.42Z"></path></svg></span><span class="sr-only" data-pagefind-ignore="">Section titled “Further reading”</span></a></div>
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li>Read <a href="https://diataxis.fr/reference/">about reference</a> in the Diátaxis framework</li>
|
||||
</ul> </div> <footer> <footer class="sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <div class="meta sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <p>Last updated: <time datetime="2026-06-20T12:12:24.000Z">Jun 20, 2026</time></p> </div> <div class="pagination-links print:hidden astro-u2l5gyhi" dir="ltr"> </div> </footer> <script defer src="https://comentario.workaround.org/comentario.js"></script>
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</ul> </div> <footer> <footer class="sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <div class="meta sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <p>Last updated: <time datetime="2026-06-20T15:17:12.000Z">Jun 20, 2026</time></p> </div> <div class="pagination-links print:hidden astro-u2l5gyhi" dir="ltr"> </div> </footer> <script defer src="https://comentario.workaround.org/comentario.js"></script>
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<comentario-comments no-fonts="true" id="comments"></comentario-comments> <div class="myfooter">
|
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This guide is maintained by <a href="mailto:ispmail@christoph-haas.de">Christoph Haas</a> since 2003. All content on workaround.org can be used under the terms of
|
||||
the
|
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@ -131,7 +131,7 @@
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<div class="sl-heading-wrapper level-h3"><h3 id="off-site-backup">Off-site backup</h3><a class="sl-anchor-link" href="#off-site-backup"><span aria-hidden="true" class="sl-anchor-icon"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="currentcolor" d="m12.11 15.39-3.88 3.88a2.52 2.52 0 0 1-3.5 0 2.47 2.47 0 0 1 0-3.5l3.88-3.88a1 1 0 0 0-1.42-1.42l-3.88 3.89a4.48 4.48 0 0 0 6.33 6.33l3.89-3.88a1 1 0 1 0-1.42-1.42Zm8.58-12.08a4.49 4.49 0 0 0-6.33 0l-3.89 3.88a1 1 0 0 0 1.42 1.42l3.88-3.88a2.52 2.52 0 0 1 3.5 0 2.47 2.47 0 0 1 0 3.5l-3.88 3.88a1 1 0 1 0 1.42 1.42l3.88-3.89a4.49 4.49 0 0 0 0-6.33ZM8.83 15.17a1 1 0 0 0 1.1.22 1 1 0 0 0 .32-.22l4.92-4.92a1 1 0 0 0-1.42-1.42l-4.92 4.92a1 1 0 0 0 0 1.42Z"></path></svg></span><span class="sr-only" data-pagefind-ignore>Section titled “Off-site backup”</span></a></div>
|
||||
<p>Of course if you lost the one external disk then all your backups would be ruined. So I suggest you get a second external disk and once a month swap them. Depending on your paranoia you can lock them in your bank’s deposit box or give it to your mother-in-law. As opposed to other backup solutions you can just use the second disk without much configuration. Make sure the autofs knows about it and plug it in.</p>
|
||||
<div class="sl-heading-wrapper level-h2"><h2 id="thanks">Thanks</h2><a class="sl-anchor-link" href="#thanks"><span aria-hidden="true" class="sl-anchor-icon"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="currentcolor" d="m12.11 15.39-3.88 3.88a2.52 2.52 0 0 1-3.5 0 2.47 2.47 0 0 1 0-3.5l3.88-3.88a1 1 0 0 0-1.42-1.42l-3.88 3.89a4.48 4.48 0 0 0 6.33 6.33l3.89-3.88a1 1 0 1 0-1.42-1.42Zm8.58-12.08a4.49 4.49 0 0 0-6.33 0l-3.89 3.88a1 1 0 0 0 1.42 1.42l3.88-3.88a2.52 2.52 0 0 1 3.5 0 2.47 2.47 0 0 1 0 3.5l-3.88 3.88a1 1 0 1 0 1.42 1.42l3.88-3.89a4.49 4.49 0 0 0 0-6.33ZM8.83 15.17a1 1 0 0 0 1.1.22 1 1 0 0 0 .32-.22l4.92-4.92a1 1 0 0 0-1.42-1.42l-4.92 4.92a1 1 0 0 0 0 1.42Z"></path></svg></span><span class="sr-only" data-pagefind-ignore>Section titled “Thanks”</span></a></div>
|
||||
<p>Kudos to Jochen R. who recommended rsnapshot to me.</p> </div> <footer> <footer class="sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <div class="meta sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <p>Last updated: <time datetime="2026-06-20T12:12:24.000Z">Jun 20, 2026</time></p> </div> <div class="pagination-links print:hidden astro-u2l5gyhi" dir="ltr"> <a href="/linuxtip/pipes/" rel="prev" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17 11H9.41l3.3-3.29a1.004 1.004 0 1 0-1.42-1.42l-5 5a1 1 0 0 0-.21.33 1 1 0 0 0 0 .76 1 1 0 0 0 .21.33l5 5a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 1.639-.325 1 1 0 0 0-.219-1.095L9.41 13H17a1 1 0 0 0 0-2Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Previous <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Pipes and redirection</span> </span> </a> <a href="/squid-acls/" rel="next" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17.92 11.62a1.001 1.001 0 0 0-.21-.33l-5-5a1.003 1.003 0 1 0-1.42 1.42l3.3 3.29H7a1 1 0 0 0 0 2h7.59l-3.3 3.29a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 .325 1.639 1 1 0 0 0 1.095-.219l5-5a1 1 0 0 0 .21-.33 1 1 0 0 0 0-.76Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Next <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">How Squid ACLs work</span> </span> </a> </div> </footer> <script defer src="https://comentario.workaround.org/comentario.js"></script>
|
||||
<p>Kudos to Jochen R. who recommended rsnapshot to me.</p> </div> <footer> <footer class="sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <div class="meta sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <p>Last updated: <time datetime="2026-06-20T15:17:12.000Z">Jun 20, 2026</time></p> </div> <div class="pagination-links print:hidden astro-u2l5gyhi" dir="ltr"> <a href="/linuxtip/pipes/" rel="prev" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17 11H9.41l3.3-3.29a1.004 1.004 0 1 0-1.42-1.42l-5 5a1 1 0 0 0-.21.33 1 1 0 0 0 0 .76 1 1 0 0 0 .21.33l5 5a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 1.639-.325 1 1 0 0 0-.219-1.095L9.41 13H17a1 1 0 0 0 0-2Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Previous <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Pipes and redirection</span> </span> </a> <a href="/squid-acls/" rel="next" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17.92 11.62a1.001 1.001 0 0 0-.21-.33l-5-5a1.003 1.003 0 1 0-1.42 1.42l3.3 3.29H7a1 1 0 0 0 0 2h7.59l-3.3 3.29a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 .325 1.639 1 1 0 0 0 1.095-.219l5-5a1 1 0 0 0 .21-.33 1 1 0 0 0 0-.76Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Next <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">How Squid ACLs work</span> </span> </a> </div> </footer> <script defer src="https://comentario.workaround.org/comentario.js"></script>
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||||
<comentario-comments no-fonts="true" id="comments"></comentario-comments> <div class="myfooter">
|
||||
This guide is maintained by <a href="mailto:ispmail@christoph-haas.de">Christoph Haas</a> since 2003. All content on workaround.org can be used under the terms of
|
||||
the
|
||||
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@ -115,7 +115,7 @@
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|||
<p>The second <em>http_access</em> line would force the user to re-authenticate time and again if he/she is not member of the PROXY_ALLOWED group. This is perhaps not what you want. You rather wanted to deny access to non-members. So you need to rewrite this <em>http_access</em> line so that an ACL matches that has nothing to do with authentication. This is the correct example:</p>
|
||||
<div class="expressive-code"><figure class="frame not-content"><figcaption class="header"></figcaption><pre data-language="plaintext"><code><div class="ec-line"><div class="code"><span style="--0:#d6deeb;--1:#403f53">acl ldap-auth proxy_auth REQUIRED</span></div></div><div class="ec-line"><div class="code"><span style="--0:#d6deeb;--1:#403f53">acl ldapgroup-allowed external LDAP_group PROXY_ALLOWED</span></div></div><div class="ec-line"><div class="code"><span style="--0:#d6deeb;--1:#403f53">acl dummy src 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0</span></div></div><div class="ec-line"><div class="code">
|
||||
</div></div><div class="ec-line"><div class="code"><span style="--0:#d6deeb;--1:#403f53">http_access deny !ldap-auth</span></div></div><div class="ec-line"><div class="code"><span style="--0:#d6deeb;--1:#403f53">http_access deny !ldapgroup-allowed dummy</span></div></div><div class="ec-line"><div class="code"><span style="--0:#d6deeb;--1:#403f53">http_access allow all</span></div></div></code></pre><div class="copy"><div aria-live="polite"></div><button title="Copy to clipboard" data-copied="Copied!" data-code="acl ldap-auth proxy_auth REQUIREDacl ldapgroup-allowed external LDAP_group PROXY_ALLOWEDacl dummy src 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0http_access deny !ldap-authhttp_access deny !ldapgroup-allowed dummyhttp_access allow all"><div></div></button></div></figure></div>
|
||||
<p>This way the second <em>http_access</em> line still matches. But it’s the <em>dummy</em> ACL which is now last in the line. Since <em>dummy</em> is a static ACL (that always matches) and has nothing to do with authentication you will find that the access is just denied.</p> </div> <footer> <footer class="sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <div class="meta sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <p>Last updated: <time datetime="2026-06-20T12:12:24.000Z">Jun 20, 2026</time></p> </div> <div class="pagination-links print:hidden astro-u2l5gyhi" dir="ltr"> <a href="/rsnapshot-and-usb-drives/" rel="prev" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17 11H9.41l3.3-3.29a1.004 1.004 0 1 0-1.42-1.42l-5 5a1 1 0 0 0-.21.33 1 1 0 0 0 0 .76 1 1 0 0 0 .21.33l5 5a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 1.639-.325 1 1 0 0 0-.219-1.095L9.41 13H17a1 1 0 0 0 0-2Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Previous <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Backups with rsnaphot to external USB drives</span> </span> </a> <a href="/understanding-lvm/" rel="next" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17.92 11.62a1.001 1.001 0 0 0-.21-.33l-5-5a1.003 1.003 0 1 0-1.42 1.42l3.3 3.29H7a1 1 0 0 0 0 2h7.59l-3.3 3.29a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 .325 1.639 1 1 0 0 0 1.095-.219l5-5a1 1 0 0 0 .21-.33 1 1 0 0 0 0-.76Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Next <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Understanding the Logical Volume Manager (LVM)</span> </span> </a> </div> </footer> <script defer src="https://comentario.workaround.org/comentario.js"></script>
|
||||
<p>This way the second <em>http_access</em> line still matches. But it’s the <em>dummy</em> ACL which is now last in the line. Since <em>dummy</em> is a static ACL (that always matches) and has nothing to do with authentication you will find that the access is just denied.</p> </div> <footer> <footer class="sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <div class="meta sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <p>Last updated: <time datetime="2026-06-20T15:17:12.000Z">Jun 20, 2026</time></p> </div> <div class="pagination-links print:hidden astro-u2l5gyhi" dir="ltr"> <a href="/rsnapshot-and-usb-drives/" rel="prev" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17 11H9.41l3.3-3.29a1.004 1.004 0 1 0-1.42-1.42l-5 5a1 1 0 0 0-.21.33 1 1 0 0 0 0 .76 1 1 0 0 0 .21.33l5 5a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 1.639-.325 1 1 0 0 0-.219-1.095L9.41 13H17a1 1 0 0 0 0-2Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Previous <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Backups with rsnaphot to external USB drives</span> </span> </a> <a href="/understanding-lvm/" rel="next" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17.92 11.62a1.001 1.001 0 0 0-.21-.33l-5-5a1.003 1.003 0 1 0-1.42 1.42l3.3 3.29H7a1 1 0 0 0 0 2h7.59l-3.3 3.29a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 .325 1.639 1 1 0 0 0 1.095-.219l5-5a1 1 0 0 0 .21-.33 1 1 0 0 0 0-.76Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Next <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">Understanding the Logical Volume Manager (LVM)</span> </span> </a> </div> </footer> <script defer src="https://comentario.workaround.org/comentario.js"></script>
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<comentario-comments no-fonts="true" id="comments"></comentario-comments> <div class="myfooter">
|
||||
This guide is maintained by <a href="mailto:ispmail@christoph-haas.de">Christoph Haas</a> since 2003. All content on workaround.org can be used under the terms of
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@ -158,7 +158,7 @@
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<div class="sl-heading-wrapper level-h3"><h3 id="booting-from-an-lv">Booting from an LV</h3><a class="sl-anchor-link" href="#booting-from-an-lv"><span aria-hidden="true" class="sl-anchor-icon"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="currentcolor" d="m12.11 15.39-3.88 3.88a2.52 2.52 0 0 1-3.5 0 2.47 2.47 0 0 1 0-3.5l3.88-3.88a1 1 0 0 0-1.42-1.42l-3.88 3.89a4.48 4.48 0 0 0 6.33 6.33l3.89-3.88a1 1 0 1 0-1.42-1.42Zm8.58-12.08a4.49 4.49 0 0 0-6.33 0l-3.89 3.88a1 1 0 0 0 1.42 1.42l3.88-3.88a2.52 2.52 0 0 1 3.5 0 2.47 2.47 0 0 1 0 3.5l-3.88 3.88a1 1 0 1 0 1.42 1.42l3.88-3.89a4.49 4.49 0 0 0 0-6.33ZM8.83 15.17a1 1 0 0 0 1.1.22 1 1 0 0 0 .32-.22l4.92-4.92a1 1 0 0 0-1.42-1.42l-4.92 4.92a1 1 0 0 0 0 1.42Z"></path></svg></span><span class="sr-only" data-pagefind-ignore>Section titled “Booting from an LV”</span></a></div>
|
||||
<p>Using LV for all partitions used to be a problem in the past. Debian created an ext2 partition for /boot to make sure the system boots. This has become obsolete for quite a while. You can use LVs everywhere and Debian will happily boot the system.</p>
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<div class="sl-heading-wrapper level-h3"><h3 id="raid">RAID</h3><a class="sl-anchor-link" href="#raid"><span aria-hidden="true" class="sl-anchor-icon"><svg width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="currentcolor" d="m12.11 15.39-3.88 3.88a2.52 2.52 0 0 1-3.5 0 2.47 2.47 0 0 1 0-3.5l3.88-3.88a1 1 0 0 0-1.42-1.42l-3.88 3.89a4.48 4.48 0 0 0 6.33 6.33l3.89-3.88a1 1 0 1 0-1.42-1.42Zm8.58-12.08a4.49 4.49 0 0 0-6.33 0l-3.89 3.88a1 1 0 0 0 1.42 1.42l3.88-3.88a2.52 2.52 0 0 1 3.5 0 2.47 2.47 0 0 1 0 3.5l-3.88 3.88a1 1 0 1 0 1.42 1.42l3.88-3.89a4.49 4.49 0 0 0 0-6.33ZM8.83 15.17a1 1 0 0 0 1.1.22 1 1 0 0 0 .32-.22l4.92-4.92a1 1 0 0 0-1.42-1.42l-4.92 4.92a1 1 0 0 0 0 1.42Z"></path></svg></span><span class="sr-only" data-pagefind-ignore>Section titled “RAID”</span></a></div>
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<p>By default LVM uses RAID-0. That is the <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAID">RAID</a> level that makes you lose everything if a single disk fails. LVM support RAID levels 1 and 5 though. Besides the LVM man pages I mainly found <a href="https://blog.programster.org/create-raid-with-lvm">this web page</a> describing it.</p> </div> <footer> <footer class="sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <div class="meta sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <p>Last updated: <time datetime="2026-06-20T12:12:24.000Z">Jun 20, 2026</time></p> </div> <div class="pagination-links print:hidden astro-u2l5gyhi" dir="ltr"> <a href="/squid-acls/" rel="prev" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17 11H9.41l3.3-3.29a1.004 1.004 0 1 0-1.42-1.42l-5 5a1 1 0 0 0-.21.33 1 1 0 0 0 0 .76 1 1 0 0 0 .21.33l5 5a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 1.639-.325 1 1 0 0 0-.219-1.095L9.41 13H17a1 1 0 0 0 0-2Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Previous <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">How Squid ACLs work</span> </span> </a> </div> </footer> <script defer src="https://comentario.workaround.org/comentario.js"></script>
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<p>By default LVM uses RAID-0. That is the <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAID">RAID</a> level that makes you lose everything if a single disk fails. LVM support RAID levels 1 and 5 though. Besides the LVM man pages I mainly found <a href="https://blog.programster.org/create-raid-with-lvm">this web page</a> describing it.</p> </div> <footer> <footer class="sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <div class="meta sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <p>Last updated: <time datetime="2026-06-20T15:17:12.000Z">Jun 20, 2026</time></p> </div> <div class="pagination-links print:hidden astro-u2l5gyhi" dir="ltr"> <a href="/squid-acls/" rel="prev" class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="astro-u2l5gyhi astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.5rem;"><path d="M17 11H9.41l3.3-3.29a1.004 1.004 0 1 0-1.42-1.42l-5 5a1 1 0 0 0-.21.33 1 1 0 0 0 0 .76 1 1 0 0 0 .21.33l5 5a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 1.639-.325 1 1 0 0 0-.219-1.095L9.41 13H17a1 1 0 0 0 0-2Z"/></svg> <span class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> Previous <br class="astro-u2l5gyhi"> <span class="link-title astro-u2l5gyhi">How Squid ACLs work</span> </span> </a> </div> </footer> <script defer src="https://comentario.workaround.org/comentario.js"></script>
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