ispmail-workaround-org/dist/ispmail-trixie/dns-records/index.html
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</script> <ul class="top-level astro-3ii7xxms"> <li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <details open class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <sl-sidebar-restore data-index="0"></sl-sidebar-restore> <summary class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="group-label astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="large astro-3ii7xxms">ISPmail for Debian 13</span> </span> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="caret astro-3ii7xxms astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.25rem;"><path d="m14.83 11.29-4.24-4.24a1 1 0 1 0-1.42 1.41L12.71 12l-3.54 3.54a1 1 0 0 0 0 1.41 1 1 0 0 0 .71.29 1 1 0 0 0 .71-.29l4.24-4.24a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 0-1.42Z"/></svg> </summary> <ul class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-trixie/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Start here</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-trixie/upgrading/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Upgrading from Debian Bookworm</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-trixie/install-debian/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Installing Debian</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-trixie/install-the-software-packages/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Install software packages</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-trixie/virtual-domains/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Virtual domains</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-trixie/database/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Database setup</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-trixie/overview/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Big picture</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-trixie/dns-records/" aria-current="page" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">DNS records</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-trixie/tls-certificate/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">TLS certificate</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-trixie/postfix/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Postfix</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-trixie/dovecot/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Dovecot</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-trixie/lmtp/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">LMTP</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-trixie/webmail/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Webmail using Roundcube</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-trixie/relaying/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Sending / Relaying</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-trixie/imap/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">IMAP</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-trixie/managing-users-aliases-and-domains/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Managing users, aliases and domains</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-trixie/catching-spam-with-rspamd/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Catching spam with rspamd</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-trixie/anti-spoofing-dkim-spf/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Prevent spoofing using DKIM and SPF</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-trixie/catch-all/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Catch-all addresses</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-trixie/quotas/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Quotas</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-trixie/going-live/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Going live</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-trixie/automated-installation/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Automated installation</span> </a> </li> </ul> </details> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <details open class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <sl-sidebar-restore data-index="1"></sl-sidebar-restore> <summary class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="group-label astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="large astro-3ii7xxms">ISPmail for Debian 12</span> </span> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="caret astro-3ii7xxms astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1.25rem;"><path d="m14.83 11.29-4.24-4.24a1 1 0 1 0-1.42 1.41L12.71 12l-3.54 3.54a1 1 0 0 0 0 1.41 1 1 0 0 0 .71.29 1 1 0 0 0 .71-.29l4.24-4.24a1.002 1.002 0 0 0 0-1.42Z"/></svg> </summary> <ul class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Start here</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/whats-new/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">What&#39;s new</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/migrating-from-a-bullseye-to-a-bookworm-server/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Migrating from your old (Bullseye) server</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/big-picture/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">The big picture</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/types-of-email-domains/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Types of email domains</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/install-debian-bookworm-on-your-server/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Installing Debian</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/install-the-software-packages/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Install software packages</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/creating-a-tls-encryption-key-and-certificate/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">TLS certificate</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/prepare-the-database/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Preparing the database</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/making-postfix-get-its-information-from-the-mariadb-database/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Let Postfix access MariaDB</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/catchall-aliases/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Catch-all aliases</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/setting-up-dovecot/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Setting up Dovecot</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/let-postfix-send-emails-to-dovecot/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Let Postfix send emails to Dovecot</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/quotas/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Quotas</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/testing-imap/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Testing IMAP</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/webmail-using-roundcube/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Webmail using Roundcube</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/testing-email-delivery/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Testing email delivery</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/relaying-outgoing-emails-through-postfix/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Relaying outgoing emails through Postfix</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/catching-spam-with-rspamd/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Catching spam with rspamd</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/setting-dns-records/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Setting DNS records</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/prevent-spoofing-using-dkim/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Prevent spoofing using DKIM</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/managing-users-aliases-and-domains/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Managing users, aliases and domains</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/monitoring-and-backup/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Monitoring and Backup</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/ispmail-bookworm/automatic-installation-with-ansible/" aria-current="false" 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<a href="/linux/renaming-multiple-files/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Renaming multiple files</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/linuxtip/pipes/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Pipes and redirection</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/rsnapshot-and-usb-drives/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Backups with rsnaphot to external USB drives</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/squid-acls/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">How Squid ACLs work</span> </a> </li><li class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <a href="/understanding-lvm/" aria-current="false" class="astro-3ii7xxms"> <span class="astro-3ii7xxms">Understanding the Logical Volume Manager (LVM)</span> </a> </li> </ul> </details> </li> </ul> <script aria-hidden="true">
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<p>As shown in the slideshow, you need to have proper DNS records set up. Say that you want to receive emails for the
<code dir="auto">example.com</code> domain. If some other mail server on the internet wants to send an email to your server, it looks for two
records:</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p><strong>MX record (<code dir="auto">example.com</code>)</strong><br>
The MX (Mail Exchange) record tells other mail servers <em>where to deliver emails</em> for the domain <code dir="auto">example.com</code>.<br>
Instead of pointing directly to an IP address, it points to a <strong>hostname</strong> (for example, <code dir="auto">smtp.example.com</code>).<br>
MX records also include a <strong>priority value</strong>. If multiple mail servers are listed, the one with the lowest priority
number is tried first. Others are used as fallback if the first is unavailable.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><strong>A / AAAA record (<code dir="auto">smtp.example.com</code>)</strong><br>
The hostname specified in the MX record (<code dir="auto">smtp.example.com</code>) must resolve to an IP address so that other mail servers
know how to reach it.</p>
<ul>
<li>An <strong>A record</strong> maps the hostname to an IPv4 address.</li>
<li>An <strong>AAAA record</strong> maps the hostname to an IPv6 address.</li>
</ul>
<p>Once resolved, the sending mail server connects to that IP address on <strong>TCP port 25</strong>, which is the standard port for
email delivery (SMTP).</p>
</li>
</ul>
<aside aria-label="Note" class="starlight-aside starlight-aside--note"> <p class="starlight-aside__title" aria-hidden="true"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="starlight-aside__icon astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1em;"><path d="M12 11a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v4a1 1 0 0 0 2 0v-4a1 1 0 0 0-1-1Zm.38-3.92a1 1 0 0 0-.76 0 1 1 0 0 0-.33.21 1.15 1.15 0 0 0-.21.33 1 1 0 0 0 .21 1.09c.097.088.209.16.33.21A1 1 0 0 0 13 8a1.05 1.05 0 0 0-.29-.71 1 1 0 0 0-.33-.21ZM12 2a10 10 0 1 0 0 20 10 10 0 0 0 0-20Zm0 18a8 8 0 1 1 0-16.001A8 8 0 0 1 12 20Z"/></svg>Note </p> <div class="starlight-aside__content"> <p>If no MX record is found, the remote mail server will instead directly look for an A or AAAA record of <code dir="auto">example.com</code>.</p> </div> </aside>
<aside aria-label="Caution" class="starlight-aside starlight-aside--caution"> <p class="starlight-aside__title" aria-hidden="true"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="starlight-aside__icon astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1em;"><path d="M12 16a1 1 0 1 0 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 0-2Zm10.67 1.47-8.05-14a3 3 0 0 0-5.24 0l-8 14A3 3 0 0 0 3.94 22h16.12a3 3 0 0 0 2.61-4.53Zm-1.73 2a1 1 0 0 1-.88.51H3.94a1 1 0 0 1-.88-.51 1 1 0 0 1 0-1l8-14a1 1 0 0 1 1.78 0l8.05 14a1 1 0 0 1 .05 1.02v-.02ZM12 8a1 1 0 0 0-1 1v4a1 1 0 0 0 2 0V9a1 1 0 0 0-1-1Z"/></svg>Caution </p> <div class="starlight-aside__content"> <p>The MX record must point to a hostname. It <strong>must not</strong> point to an IP address directly.</p> </div> </aside>
<p>In zone syntax you would create something like:</p>
<div class="expressive-code"><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_astro/ec.v4551.css"><script type="module" src="/_astro/ec.0vx5m.js"></script><figure class="frame not-content"><figcaption class="header"></figcaption><pre data-language="plaintext"><code><div class="ec-line"><div class="code"><span style="--0:#d6deeb;--1:#403f53">@ IN MX 10 smtp</span></div></div><div class="ec-line"><div class="code"><span style="--0:#d6deeb;--1:#403f53">smtp IN A 100.64.17.3</span></div></div><div class="ec-line"><div class="code"><span style="--0:#d6deeb;--1:#403f53">smtp IN AAAA fd7a:115c:a1e0::17</span></div></div></code></pre><div class="copy"><div aria-live="polite"></div><button title="Copy to clipboard" data-copied="Copied!" data-code="@ IN MX 10 smtpsmtp IN A 100.64.17.3smtp IN AAAA fd7a:115c:a1e0::17"><div></div></button></div></figure></div>
<p>If possible, also add a PTR record that makes the IP addresses point back to the name <code dir="auto">smtp.example.com</code>. Other mail
servers may be more likely so flag your sent emails as spam if you do not have a PTR record. Preferable the forward
(A/AAAA) and reverse (PTR) records match.</p>
<aside aria-label="Test it" class="starlight-aside starlight-aside--note"> <p class="starlight-aside__title" aria-hidden="true"> <svg aria-hidden="true" class="starlight-aside__icon astro-c6vsoqas" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" style="--sl-icon-size: 1em;"><path d="m14.72 8.79-4.29 4.3-1.65-1.65a1 1 0 1 0-1.41 1.41l2.35 2.36a1 1 0 0 0 1.41 0l5-5a1.002 1.002 0 1 0-1.41-1.42ZM12 2a10 10 0 1 0 0 20 10 10 0 0 0 0-20Zm0 18a8 8 0 1 1 0-16.001A8 8 0 0 1 12 20Z"/></svg>Test it </p> <div class="starlight-aside__content"> <p>Use the <code dir="auto">host</code> command to check your domains MX record.</p><div class="expressive-code"><figure class="frame is-terminal has-title not-content"><figcaption class="header"><span class="title">Example</span></figcaption><pre data-language="sh"><code><div class="ec-line"><div class="code"><span style="--0:#82AAFF;--1:#3B61B0">dig</span><span style="--0:#D6DEEB;--1:#403F53"> </span><span style="--0:#ECC48D;--1:#3B61B0">+short</span><span style="--0:#D6DEEB;--1:#403F53"> </span><span style="--0:#ECC48D;--1:#3B61B0">example.com</span><span style="--0:#D6DEEB;--1:#403F53"> </span><span style="--0:#ECC48D;--1:#3B61B0">mx</span></div></div><div class="ec-line"><div class="code"><span style="--0:#919F9F;--1:#5F636F"># 10 smtp.example.com.</span></div></div></code></pre><div class="copy"><div aria-live="polite"></div><button title="Copy to clipboard" data-copied="Copied!" data-code="dig +short example.com mx# 10 smtp.example.com."><div></div></button></div></figure></div><p>Then check if that result resolves to an IP address:</p><div class="expressive-code"><figure class="frame is-terminal has-title not-content"><figcaption class="header"><span class="title">Example</span></figcaption><pre data-language="sh"><code><div class="ec-line"><div class="code"><span style="--0:#82AAFF;--1:#3B61B0">dig</span><span style="--0:#D6DEEB;--1:#403F53"> </span><span style="--0:#ECC48D;--1:#3B61B0">+short</span><span style="--0:#D6DEEB;--1:#403F53"> </span><span style="--0:#ECC48D;--1:#3B61B0">smtp.example.com</span><span style="--0:#D6DEEB;--1:#403F53"> </span><span style="--0:#ECC48D;--1:#3B61B0">a</span></div></div><div class="ec-line"><div class="code"><span style="--0:#919F9F;--1:#5F636F"># 49.13.89.249</span></div></div><div class="ec-line"><div class="code"><span style="--0:#82AAFF;--1:#3B61B0">dig</span><span style="--0:#D6DEEB;--1:#403F53"> </span><span style="--0:#ECC48D;--1:#3B61B0">+short</span><span style="--0:#D6DEEB;--1:#403F53"> </span><span style="--0:#ECC48D;--1:#3B61B0">smtp.example.com</span><span style="--0:#D6DEEB;--1:#403F53"> </span><span style="--0:#ECC48D;--1:#3B61B0">aaaa</span></div></div><div class="ec-line"><div class="code"><span style="--0:#919F9F;--1:#5F636F"># 2a01:4f8:c012:62d1::1</span></div></div></code></pre><div class="copy"><div aria-live="polite"></div><button title="Copy to clipboard" data-copied="Copied!" data-code="dig +short smtp.example.com a# 49.13.89.249dig +short smtp.example.com aaaa# 2a01:4f8:c012:62d1::1"><div></div></button></div></figure></div><p>Preferably the IP addresses should resolve back to the mail servers name:</p><div class="expressive-code"><figure class="frame is-terminal has-title not-content"><figcaption class="header"><span class="title">Example</span></figcaption><pre data-language="sh"><code><div class="ec-line"><div class="code"><span style="--0:#82AAFF;--1:#3B61B0">dig</span><span style="--0:#D6DEEB;--1:#403F53"> </span><span style="--0:#ECC48D;--1:#3B61B0">+short</span><span style="--0:#D6DEEB;--1:#403F53"> </span><span style="--0:#82AAFF;--1:#3B61B0">-x</span><span style="--0:#D6DEEB;--1:#403F53"> </span><span style="--0:#F78C6C;--1:#AA0982">49.13.89.249</span></div></div><div class="ec-line"><div class="code"><span style="--0:#919F9F;--1:#5F636F"># smtp.example.com.</span></div></div><div class="ec-line"><div class="code"><span style="--0:#82AAFF;--1:#3B61B0">dig</span><span style="--0:#D6DEEB;--1:#403F53"> </span><span style="--0:#ECC48D;--1:#3B61B0">+short</span><span style="--0:#D6DEEB;--1:#403F53"> </span><span style="--0:#82AAFF;--1:#3B61B0">-x</span><span style="--0:#D6DEEB;--1:#403F53"> </span><span style="--0:#ECC48D;--1:#3B61B0">2a01:4f8:c012:62d1::1</span></div></div><div class="ec-line"><div class="code"><span style="--0:#919F9F;--1:#5F636F"># smtp.example.com.</span></div></div></code></pre><div class="copy"><div aria-live="polite"></div><button title="Copy to clipboard" data-copied="Copied!" data-code="dig +short -x 49.13.89.249# smtp.example.com.dig +short -x 2a01:4f8:c012:62d1::1# smtp.example.com."><div></div></button></div></figure></div> </div> </aside> </div> <footer> <footer class="sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <div class="meta sl-flex astro-3yyafb3n"> <p>Last updated: <time datetime="2025-11-01T00:00:00.000Z">Nov 1, 2025</time></p> </div> <div class="pagination-links print:hidden 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